Developement+terms

__ Development Key terms __ Birth rate: The average number of live births in a year for every 1000 people in the population Death rate: The average number of deaths per 1000 people in the population.

Natural increase: The difference between the birth rate and the death rate where the birth rate is the higher.

Natural decrease: The difference between the birth rate and the death rate where the death rate is the higher.

Infant mortality rate: The number of children dying under a year of age divided by the number of live births that year. The infant mortality rate is also called the infant death rate. The infant mortality rate is an important measure of the well-being of infants, children, and pregnant women because it is associated with a variety of factors, such as maternal health, quality and access to medical care, socioeconomic conditions, and public health practices. Life expectancy: The number of years that an individual is expected to live as determined by statistics. Birth control:

Birth control is the use of any practices, methods, or devices to prevent pregnancy from occurring in a sexually active woman. Also referred to as family planning, pregnancy prevention, fertility control, or contraception; birth control methods are designed either to prevent fertilization of an egg or implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus. Birth control methods may be reversible or irreversible. Dependent population:

**people who are not working:**   the part of a population that does not work and relies on others for the goods and services they consume Dependency ratio:

A measure of the portion of a population which is composed of dependents (people who are too young or too old to work The dependency ratio is equal to the number of individuals aged below 15 or above 64 divided by the number of individuals aged 15 to 64, expressed as a %. A rising dependency ratio is a concern in many countries that are facing an ageing population, since it becomes difficult for pension and social security systems to provide for a significantly older, non-working population. Fertility rate:  Births per 1000 women, categorized according to a specific compostion of mothers in the population: (1) Crude: number of live births per 1000 of population. (2) General fertility rate: number of live births per 1000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 years. (3) Age-specific fertility rate: number of births to women of a particular age (called cohorts). (4) Total fertility rate: Average number of children a woman would bear during her lifetime, assuming her childbearing conforms to her age-specific fertility rate every year of her childbearing years (typically, age 15 to 44). (5) Completed fertility rate: number of children actually born per woman in a cohort of women up to the end of their childbearing years (typically, age 44).